Higher education in the era of university 4.0: the challenges of digital transformation: A systematic review from 2015 to 2022

Abstract

Digital transformation is having a significant impact on universities and higher education institutions, pushing them to adopt technologies and become 4.0 universities. These universities are student-centered, connected to the outside world and engaged in collaborations with industry. The article highlights the different phases of evolution of universities, from the 1.0 version focused on spiritual beliefs to the 4.0 version focused on innovation and maximizing one's interests. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 is also impacting education, with changes needed in curriculum to meet student needs and skills. The article proposes a literature review of a body of research on the innovative university, which adopts emerging technologies and the transition from the traditional university to the 4.0 university initially identified for the period between 2015 and 2022, 30 articles are included in the final synthesis, so we included some articles from the year 2023.