Two Decades Of Industrial Policy In Morocco : What Has Been Achieved ?

Abstract

This article examines the impact of the industrial policy adopted in Morocco over the last two decades on the competitiveness of Moroccan industry, and mainly in the key sectors designated as the locomotive for development of the Moroccan economy. Through the implementation of three plans : Emergence Plan, National Pact for Industrial Emergence and the Industrial Acceleration Plan. In a special national, regional and international context. The main objective is to assess and analyze of the Moroccan industrial approach through specialization in Morroco's Global Trades. Using a set of competitiveness indicators. To analyze Morroco's industrial choices during this period, the results obtained and to highlight the strengths and weaknesses facing the industrial sectors analyzed during the period 2005-2020, we would also try to determine the factors which encourage and/or those which hinder the competitiveness of Moroccan industry. However, the results obtained clearly demonstrate that despite the resources mobilized under the new industrial policy. Morocco has yet to consolidate a genuine industrial policy capable of overcoming the structural constraints to its development. The exceptions are the automotive sector and, to a lesser extent, the aerospace industry. The competitiveness of Moroccan industry is compromised by institutional constraints (business climate, limits to good governance, competitiveness of SMEs, etc.) and cross-cutting constraints (industrial land, the problem of financing and access to credit, a training system not adapted to the needs of competitiveness, etc.).